Color-chart.



L. M.'D'UN N. COLOR CHART.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28, 1913.

Patented J an. 19, 1915.

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Application filed November 28,1913; Serial No. 803,530

, '1 '0 an whom it may concern:

slowing to be a full, clear, and exact descrip.

Be it known that l, Louisa M. Dunn, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Cleveland, inv the county of Chyahoga and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in. Color- Charts, ofwhich I herehydeclare the fol- 1 tion, such as will enable othersskilledin'the art to which it appertaiiis to make and use the same. Theobjects of the invention 'tmp'ro I vide a chart containing the primaryand secondary colors of the physical spectrum together with otherarbitrary colors and so arranged in a circle and so'displayed as to bereadily distinguishableand spaced apart atv regular intervals and intheir natural orders to permit of the introduction between them of theintermediate modified or blended colors ordinarily employed in theindustrial trades or arts.

Further objects are to provide a combine tion and arrangement with theelementary.- and lntermediate colors of the shades and tints thereof,arranged selectively in radial.

order with their basic colors in such a'mannor that triads and s mpleand progressive sequences of harmonious colors and tints Tend shadesthereof can readily he ascertained by operators unfamiliar with artisticcombmations and inexperienced in combinmg colors, and by means of whichthey can always produce artistic color effects and beautiful. gradationsof colors by simply matching the indicated colors in the chart.

By means of this chart a simple, practical and efiicient means isprogided for recognizing at once the natural 'aw ofcon'trastsigned tolengthen the color band of the spectrum into regular gradated intervalswith two added colors, purple and purple red and their intermediates, toadmit of more harmonious contrast adapted to the use of the decorativearts. By means of this invention the color bands of the pri-.

marries and secondaries are lengthened out Specification oi LettersEatent.

another.

The chart is essentially useful to all deccraters and craftsmen such asdressmakers,

, stances Patented Jame, tars;

together with the intermediate colors,

throughout the spectrum from yellow to yellow, thereby providing agreater num ber of possible combinations of color and a more gradualgradation from one color to milliners, Window trimmers, designers ofstained glass and all artists and artisans whose craft malres itnecessary to select and l combine-color areas and gives also thesimplest means for determining the area appor-I tionedfto each color togive an agreeable effect; Itis also useful to all who are engaged'infmaking color mixtures and in printing' colors, and is also thesimplest educational chart and device for teachingchromaticsin theschool room. I

Te obtain the aforesald advantages the chart comprises the circulararrangement of primary and secondary colors and radial-arrangementofshades" and tints thereof, the color areas of shades and tints beingvpreferably equal in all ';in-

and the primary and secondary colors being distinguishedjby border linesor in; some other distinctive manner,

corresponding shades and colors being equally spaced upon the chart, inthe man? ner hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanyingdrawings and speoifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a plan View of the chartshowing curved lines thereon lndicating the pos1t1onsot simple andprogressive sequences of colon and the means for determin ng the same,and also showing a rotatable dial havinglines thereon indicatingphysical contrasts, straight contsast and harmonious triads respectively; Fig. 2 1s a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a detail showing a cu.rved.edge

employed to lay upon the chart to determine progressive sequences; Fig.4 is a similar curve employed to determine more simple sequences.

In these views Y, G, B, P, R, and 0, upon a chart X representrespectively the brightest elementary colors of yellow, green,-

blue, purple, red and orange, shownin areas of equaLsize. Inradial'lines B, B, passing through these elementary colors and ofslightly smaller size are arra'nged the shades and tints thereof, theshades being preferably central in iwositit'n'n and the time low, Y. G

l ccccpying edges the re. mil lines ci; elec menlzery colcifs areemsnged the i1 Pinecliate coleics eci iheir shades and. time in similarmanner, ii :2

Y. for green 3; 1- ion? yellow green, G. B. for green blue, lSlZlBgreen, P. "for purple hlue, 5. or blue purple, R. 3. IO? red purple,i'or purple red, U. it. i0)? elem m'zaw eihcl reel is indicated-upon arotatable mic. ll in the center of the chci'l; upon whichincl l l..-

3., are shown chm s lizzl can be he 'mieiciis of three ll always he hmoiiio'us ii Wherei '1' he (iiel placecl. A: 4 is s cliemeliiicel. line-which will always; (lee opposiie colors which are harmonious whencombined cu-J contrasting and are the [temple mentery colors, such asyellow and purple, and rec eml ei'ceii, blue and orange, and. theiio'ltec 4 designate on the iippc. lzialf of the chart contrasts such asare seen in the color l1- -.1igle. These the true physical contrasts andare produced by Waves of light dili'erihg greatest in Wave length. Eachradial line shows the color of greatest intensity in the COHCBZ and theline forms gruiimterl barman; Within one color from he lo (la la Thislzcriiicny is made most Sulll illlg by selecting the color spots al; thec iposiiae edges and cen the central circle or spot can be c r-i guishedfrom the others by means of a. thicker outline OF." o'll e?distinguishing fee "lure.

A. scones. is a COlOz. harmony pic luceol ea: tan colors ercmlcl theElli} from 1 cc rem left to right ancl. i y one circle iahe sequencewill cle or tint only. A ywogressixn. e il'eU'i'ilOfl'V of color thatprcs'vesses or vice-verse lcrs en (1! sh a ale...

o1- cml course over ishowiz l ctliev cclor shown at L, L Fl qneccestermed b c or more c ""A. Z.

mac lhe sequences omamec. cy meech. color in the cliegcnel cc z'se.

s'l ri kin eluding,

iii lzhe' middle circle, thus iiate cletermining "zhese sequences, e Wcurved Tiller T which may he teensilESllMi, can be laid clirec'ily uponrt or a line L can he primed thereon. cc connect any l8Sl3"8(1 shadesand time es pimple with green ,yel'lcw izhrough purple blue, green blueanal green. The most erlzis and beautiful combinations of colors canobtained. in this manner, which are e55 triicti've to the end ifeqiiireno previous experience to obtais. There are 86 of these prcgr ssii'esequences of each Sm. pcssicle obtain upon lv dial and it coversprecticelly the range of colors that could he ueeel in. the industrialarts. Also the contrasts Obtfil'ililllle range from the greatestpossible iiiiieiehce hetweentwc colors to all hericonioiis modificationsthereof. The .3 iiiclucle any three colors spaced equal cistacces fromeach other the dial. The are 1.8 combinations of trimls obtainable onthe di l. This dial can be employed. for oliiuinii proper areas crproportions of cclors and to procluce the necessary balaiice of colorin. any creeiioii, that is the colctce which must be s lected quantitiesor iiiljQYlSl'c .s time will hermit the eye to travel eve: mom Withoutbeing unduly eih'eclerl 35o (he eye inc tarvel easily from one color coanother, hence the elementary colors are rarely combined in their mostintense forms and in equal. areas. These color areas can readily belfialance on the chart by connecting the cla rlcest shacle of yellow inthe inner circle Willi ihemos-h intense color of violel,

bale icing areas. i l-gain, to balance a tried such as orange, e'reenand violet, the brightness on.

the oia-.g.;e and. green overpower the viole'lc, hence the darkest shadecl orange and green combine harmoniously with the middle or elementaryviolet, and the combination is balanced. permittii J the eye todisengage itself from she orange and green. The purposes for which if eCOlSlS ere use will iii-- zience somewhat the relzvlai e "is colorareas. The tints combine readily with lime ancl shades with shades. illicrel oie, to combine one of the elementary colors nah one ch the inneror enter circles car s s the aceas of the elementary color and 1.crease, the area of lilifi slmele or lint "respcnclingly; in forming themore exclecl sequences the area cf the elementary celoi does not requirereelection to 01m a perfect balance of clor. l2; usii the line cone ishave physical power cof' Ling the physical law of contrastest-enrooortiohs l 53:11- eecc. he cnly elementary or intermediate colors withthe shades and tints of colors taken in rogressive sequence' upondiagonal or spira lines on the chart will always be harmonious andrelcircle, and tints and shades of said colors arranged in radial ,,.lines passing} through their respective colors and also arranged inconcentric circles, the lightest tints occupying the outer circle andthe darkest shades the inner circle and means for distingnisln; ing thecircle of elementary and intermedi ate colors.

3. In a color chart,'in combinatioiifa series, of circularly; arrainged'color areas ative areas can be modified to suit-the taste "representingthe elementary colors and inof the craftsman. termediate colors, eachcolor be ng located 7 7 Having described the invention What I in aradial'line, a"'sei-ies of color areas rep- 45 claim as new" and desireto secure bys-Let ters Patent is: I

1. In a color chart, "in combination, a

representing the elementary colors and ifftcrmediate colors, eaclrcolorbeing located in'a radial line, a series of color areas.rep-' resentingtints and shadesof each color-in the respective radial lines, andarranged in circles concentric with the circle of. the said, areas ofelementary and intermediate colors, and a central rotatablc dial, saiddial provided with means for designating the colors of greatestcontrast, the comple mentary colors and triads of harmonious colors.

2. In a color chart, in combinationya series of elementary colors and aseries of intermediate colors arranged in a common resenting tints andshades of each color in the respectiveradial lines, and arranged I ,incircles concentric With'th circle cf the series of circularly arrangedcolor. areas said areas of elementary-and intermediate colors, and' meaiis for indicating sequences'g the marginal colorsand' tints on one side55,- and the inner circle of colors and shades, on

the other side, of the radial line.

In testimonv whereof, I hereunto set my hand this 24 day of November1913.

LOUISE M.. DUNN.

7M. M. Mon non,

